Romania, as part of the European Union, has specific regulations regarding work permits and visas for foreign nationals. Understanding these requirements is crucial for both employers looking to hire international talent and individuals seeking employment opportunities in Romania. The process involves several steps, including visa applications, work permit procurement, and compliance with immigration laws. Navigating this system effectively ensures legal employment and residency within the country.
For companies expanding into the Romanian market, familiarizing themselves with the different visa categories and permit procedures is essential. This knowledge streamlines the hiring process, reduces compliance risks, and facilitates the smooth integration of foreign employees into the Romanian workforce. Let's examine the key aspects of Romanian work permits and visas relevant to foreign workers in 2025.
Common Visa Types for Foreign Workers
Romania offers several types of visas tailored to different employment scenarios. The most common include:
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Type D Visa (Long-Stay Visa): This visa is required for third-country nationals (non-EU/EEA/Swiss citizens) intending to stay in Romania for more than 90 days. It serves as the initial step for obtaining a work permit and subsequent residence permit.
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Single Permit: This combines the residence and work authorization into a single document, simplifying the process for foreign workers.
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EU Blue Card: Designed for highly skilled workers, this permit offers facilitated access to the Romanian labor market, with less stringent requirements in some cases.
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ICT Permit (Intra-Corporate Transferee): For employees of multinational companies being transferred to a Romanian branch.
Here's a breakdown of common visa types:
| Visa Type | Purpose | Key Requirements |
|---|---|---|
| Type D (Long-Stay) | Initial entry for work, studies, or family reunion | Proof of purpose, valid passport, clean criminal record |
| Single Permit | Residence and work authorization | Employment contract, employer sponsorship, proof of qualifications |
| EU Blue Card | Highly skilled employment | Higher education diploma, minimum salary threshold, employment contract |
| ICT Permit | Intra-company transfer | Proof of employment with multinational company, transfer letter, qualifications relevant to the position |
Work Permit Application Requirements and Procedures
Securing a work permit in Romania involves a multi-stage process. The general steps are as follows:
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Employer Eligibility: The employer must be legally registered in Romania and demonstrate that they could not fill the position with a Romanian citizen, EU/EEA/Swiss citizen, or a long-term resident.
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Vacancy Publication: The employer must register the vacancy with the National Agency for Workforce Occupation (ANOFM).
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Application Submission: The employer submits the work permit application to the General Inspectorate for Immigration (IGI).
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Document Compilation: Required documents typically include the employer's registration documents, the employee's passport copy, employment contract, qualifications, and other supporting documents.
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Permit Issuance: If approved, the IGI issues the work permit.
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Visa Application: The foreign worker then applies for a Type D visa at the Romanian embassy or consulate in their country of origin.
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Residence Permit Application: After entering Romania, the worker must apply for a residence permit within 30 days of arrival.
Typical processing times:
| Stage | Estimated Time |
|---|---|
| Vacancy Publication | 30 days |
| Work Permit Application | 30-60 days |
| Type D Visa Application | 15-30 days |
| Residence Permit Application | 30-60 days |
Fees vary depending on the type of permit and are subject to change. Consult the Romanian Immigration Office for the latest fee schedule.
Pathways to Permanent Residency
Foreign nationals who have resided continuously in Romania for five years under a valid residence permit may be eligible for permanent residency. Key requirements include:
- Proof of continuous legal residence in Romania for five years.
- Knowledge of the Romanian language.
- Sufficient means of support.
- Health insurance.
- Clean criminal record.
The application is submitted to the General Inspectorate for Immigration (IGI). Upon approval, the applicant receives a permanent residence permit, granting them similar rights to Romanian citizens, excluding the right to vote.
Dependent Visa Options
Family members of foreign workers holding a valid residence permit can apply for a dependent visa, allowing them to reside in Romania. Eligible family members typically include spouses and dependent children. The requirements usually include:
- Proof of relationship (marriage certificate, birth certificate).
- Copy of the main applicant's residence permit.
- Proof of sufficient accommodation.
- Proof of sufficient financial resources to support the dependents.
- Health insurance.
Dependent visas are generally tied to the validity of the main applicant's residence permit.
Visa Compliance Obligations for Employers and Employees
Both employers and employees have specific compliance obligations to maintain legal employment status.
Employers:
- Ensure all foreign workers have valid work permits and residence permits.
- Report any changes in employment status to the IGI.
- Comply with all Romanian labor laws and regulations.
- Provide adequate working conditions and ensure fair treatment.
Employees:
- Comply with the terms of their work permit and residence permit.
- Notify the IGI of any changes in address or employment.
- Maintain a clean criminal record.
- Adhere to Romanian laws and regulations.
Failure to comply with these obligations can result in fines, deportation, and bans from future employment in Romania. Regular audits and updates on immigration law changes are essential to ensure ongoing compliance.
