Mayotte, a French overseas department and region consisting of a main island, Grande-Terre (or Maoré), a smaller island, Petite-Terre (or Pamanzi), and several islets, operates under French immigration law. As such, citizens of the European Union (EU), the European Economic Area (EEA), and Switzerland generally have the right to live and work in Mayotte without needing a visa or work permit. However, non-EU/EEA/Swiss nationals typically require both a visa to enter Mayotte and a work permit to be employed legally. Navigating this process requires careful attention to detail, as French regulations can be complex.
Securing the correct documentation is essential for companies looking to hire foreign talent in Mayotte and for individuals seeking employment. The application procedures, eligibility criteria, and compliance obligations must be understood by both the employer and employee to avoid potential legal issues. The following sections will detail the common visa types, work permit procedures, pathways to residency, dependent visa options, and compliance requirements pertinent to working in Mayotte in 2025.
Common Visa Types for Foreign Workers
For non-EU/EEA/Swiss citizens intending to work in Mayotte, several types of visas may be applicable depending on the nature and duration of the employment.
- Short-Stay Visa (Schengen Visa): This visa allows stays of up to 90 days within a 180-day period. While primarily for tourism or business visits, it may suit short-term assignments, though gainful employment typically requires a work permit.
- Long-Stay Visa (Visa de Long Séjour): This is required for stays exceeding 90 days. Several subcategories exist based on the purpose of stay:
- Visa de Long Séjour valant Titre de Séjour (VLS-TS): This type of visa is equivalent to a residence permit. Upon arrival in Mayotte, the holder must validate it online. There are VLS-TS visas for employees, researchers, students, etc.
- Talent Passport Visa: This visa is designed for highly skilled workers, investors, and entrepreneurs who contribute significantly to the French economy. It covers various categories, including qualified employees, researchers, and company creators.
| Visa Type | Purpose | Maximum Stay | Key Requirements |
|---|---|---|---|
| Short-Stay Visa | Tourism, short business trips | 90 days | Valid passport, proof of sufficient funds, travel insurance |
| Long-Stay Visa (VLS-TS) | Employment, studies, family reunion | Over 90 days | Valid passport, proof of purpose of stay (employment contract, school enrollment), proof of accommodation, financial resources, medical certificate. Validation online required upon arrival. |
| Talent Passport Visa | Highly skilled workers, investors | Up to 4 years | Qualifications, employment contract with a minimum salary threshold (typically higher than the minimum wage), investment plans, innovative project, etc. |
Work Permit Application Requirements and Procedures
For most non-EU/EEA/Swiss nationals, a work permit is mandatory to engage in paid employment in Mayotte. The application process typically involves the employer, who must demonstrate that the position cannot be filled by a qualified local or EU/EEA/Swiss worker.
- Labor Market Test: The employer must advertise the position through Pôle Emploi (the French public employment service) and demonstrate that no suitable candidate from the local or EU/EEA/Swiss labor market has been found.
- Work Permit Application (Demande d'autorisation de travail): The employer submits the application to the local DIECCTE (Direction Régionale des Entreprises, de la Concurrence, de la Consommation, du Travail et de l'Emploi). This includes providing documentation about the company, the job description, the candidate's qualifications, and the reasons for hiring a foreign national.
- Medical Examination: The employee may be required to undergo a medical examination conducted by an approved doctor.
- Visa Application: Once the work permit is approved, the employee applies for the appropriate long-stay visa at the French consulate or embassy in their country of residence.
- OFII Formalities: Upon arrival in Mayotte, the employee must register with the French Office for Immigration and Integration (OFII) and undergo any required medical checks or integration programs.
| Document | Description |
|---|---|
| Passport copy | Valid passport with at least three months validity beyond the intended stay |
| Birth certificate | Official birth certificate, translated if not in French |
| Employment contract | Detailed employment contract specifying job duties, salary, and duration of employment |
| Educational qualifications | Diplomas, degrees, and professional certifications |
| Proof of address | Utility bill or rental agreement |
| Criminal record certificate | Certificate from the applicant's country of origin |
| Labor market test documentation | Proof that the employer has advertised the position and no suitable local candidate was found |
Processing times for work permit applications can vary, but it typically takes between 2 to 4 months. Fees depend on the type of work permit but are generally borne by the employer.
Pathways to Permanent Residency
Non-EU/EEA/Swiss nationals who have legally resided in Mayotte for a continuous period may be eligible to apply for a permanent residence permit (carte de résident). Typically, a period of five years of uninterrupted legal residence is required.
- Eligibility:
- Continuous legal residence in France (including Mayotte) for at least five years.
- Sufficient financial resources to support oneself without relying on public assistance.
- Integration into French society, demonstrated by language proficiency and adherence to French values.
- Absence of criminal record or any threat to public order.
- Application: The application is submitted to the local prefecture (Préfecture). Required documents include proof of residence, employment history, tax records, and evidence of integration (e.g., French language certificates).
Dependent Visa Options
Family members of foreign workers holding a long-stay visa or residence permit may be eligible for a "family reunion" visa (regroupement familial). This allows spouses and dependent children to join the worker in Mayotte.
- Eligibility: The foreign worker must hold a residence permit valid for at least one year and have sufficient resources to accommodate and support their family. Adequate housing is also a requirement.
- Application: The application is typically submitted by the family member residing in Mayotte to the OFII. Documentation includes proof of relationship (marriage certificate, birth certificates), proof of resources, and proof of accommodation.
Visa Compliance Obligations for Employers and Employees
Both employers and employees have specific obligations to ensure compliance with French immigration laws.
- Employers:
- Verify the employee's right to work: Before hiring a foreign national, employers must verify that the employee has the necessary work permit or visa. Failure to do so can result in significant penalties.
- Declare hiring: Employers must declare the hiring of a foreign worker to the relevant authorities.
- Comply with labor laws: Foreign workers are entitled to the same rights and protections as French workers, including minimum wage, working conditions, and social security benefits.
- Employees:
- Respect the terms of their visa: Foreign workers must comply with the conditions of their visa, including the type of employment and duration of stay.
- Update their status: If there are any changes in their employment or personal circumstances, foreign workers must inform the relevant authorities.
- Comply with French laws: Foreign workers are subject to French law and must respect local customs and regulations.
| Obligation | Employer | Employee |
|---|---|---|
| Right to work verification | Verify the employee's work permit or visa before hiring | Ensure you have the correct visa and work permit before starting employment |
| Declaration of hiring | Declare the hiring of a foreign worker to the relevant authorities | N/A |
| Compliance with labor laws | Ensure foreign workers receive the same rights and protections as French workers | Understand your rights and obligations under French labor law |
| Visa terms adherence | N/A | Comply with the conditions of your visa, including the type of employment and duration of stay |
| Status updates | N/A | Inform the authorities of any changes in employment or personal circumstances |
| Compliance with French laws | Ensure workplace practices adhere to French regulations and standards | Respect local customs, traditions, and regulations |
