Lithuania, as part of the European Union, adheres to EU regulations regarding immigration while also maintaining its own national policies to address specific labor market needs. For companies looking to hire foreign workers in Lithuania in 2025, understanding the types of visas and work permits available, application processes, and compliance requirements is crucial. The Lithuanian government aims to attract skilled workers, particularly in sectors facing shortages, with various visa and permit options designed to streamline the employment of foreign nationals. Navigating these requirements effectively ensures legal compliance and access to a diverse talent pool.
The process for obtaining work permits and visas involves several steps, from assessing eligibility to gathering the required documentation and adhering to local labor laws. Employers, in particular, play a significant role in sponsoring foreign workers and must be aware of their obligations to ensure a smooth and legally sound employment relationship. As Lithuania continues to grow as a business hub, having a clear understanding of its immigration policies is vital for both employers and prospective employees.
Common Visa Types for Foreign Workers
Several visa types cater to foreign workers seeking employment in Lithuania. These visas vary based on the intended duration of stay, the type of work, and the applicant's qualifications.
- National Visa (D Visa): This is a long-term visa for stays exceeding 90 days. It is typically issued for employment, studies, or other long-term purposes. For employment, a work permit is usually required in conjunction with the D visa.
- Schengen Visa (C Visa): This is a short-term visa allowing stays of up to 90 days within a 180-day period. While not typically used for long-term employment, it may be suitable for short-term assignments, business trips, or initial exploratory visits.
- EU Blue Card: This is a special type of work permit and residence permit for highly qualified workers. Applicants need to have a higher education degree or equivalent qualifications and a job offer with a salary meeting a specified threshold.
- Intra-Corporate Transfer (ICT) Permit: This permit is for employees of multinational companies who are being transferred to a Lithuanian branch, subsidiary, or affiliate.
| Visa Type | Duration of Stay | Purpose | Key Requirements |
|---|---|---|---|
| National Visa (D) | Long-term | Employment, study, other long-term | Work permit (if for employment), proof of purpose, sufficient funds |
| Schengen Visa (C) | Up to 90 days | Short-term business, tourism | Proof of purpose, travel insurance, sufficient funds |
| EU Blue Card | Long-term | Highly qualified employment | Higher education, job offer with qualifying salary |
| ICT Permit | Long-term | Intra-company transfer | Employment with multinational, transfer to Lithuanian entity |
Work Permit Application Requirements and Procedures
The work permit application process involves several key steps and requires specific documentation. Employers usually initiate the process on behalf of the foreign worker.
- Labor Market Test: Before applying for a work permit, the employer must conduct a labor market test to demonstrate that there are no suitable candidates available in Lithuania or the EU/EEA.
- Application Submission: The employer submits the work permit application to the Lithuanian Employment Service.
- Document Collection: Both the employer and the employee need to provide various documents, including:
- Employee's passport and other identification documents
- Proof of qualifications and work experience
- Employment contract
- Company registration documents
- Documents confirming the labor market test
- Permit Issuance: If the application is approved, the Lithuanian Employment Service issues the work permit. This permit allows the foreign worker to apply for a National Visa (D Visa) or, if already in Lithuania legally, to obtain a temporary residence permit based on employment.
| Step | Description | Responsibility |
|---|---|---|
| Labor Market Test | Demonstrate no suitable local/EU candidates are available. | Employer |
| Application | Submission of application form along with supporting documents. | Employer |
| Document Collection | Gathering required documents from both the employer and the employee. | Employer & Employee |
| Permit Issuance | Issuance of the work permit if all requirements are met. | Employment Service |
Processing times can vary, but it typically takes between 1 to 3 months to obtain a work permit. Fees also apply, and these can vary depending on the specific circumstances. It is essential to check the latest fee schedule on the Lithuanian Employment Service's website.
Pathways to Permanent Residency
Foreign nationals who have legally resided and worked in Lithuania for a continuous period may be eligible for permanent residency. Generally, a period of five years of continuous legal residence is required.
To apply for permanent residency, applicants typically need to demonstrate:
- A stable and regular income
- Adequate accommodation
- Knowledge of the Lithuanian language (at a basic level)
- Integration into Lithuanian society
- A clean criminal record
The application process involves submitting an application to the Migration Department, along with supporting documents. The processing time can vary, but it usually takes several months. Once granted, permanent residency allows foreign nationals to live and work in Lithuania indefinitely, with similar rights to Lithuanian citizens, except for voting and holding certain public offices.
Dependent Visa Options
Family members of foreign workers who have been granted a Lithuanian work permit or residence permit may be eligible for dependent visas. Eligible family members typically include spouses, registered partners, and dependent children.
The dependent visa allows family members to reside in Lithuania with the primary visa holder. They may also have the right to work or study in Lithuania, depending on the specific circumstances and applicable regulations.
The application process for a dependent visa usually involves submitting an application to the Migration Department, along with supporting documents such as:
- Marriage or birth certificates
- Proof of the primary visa holder's legal status in Lithuania
- Proof of financial support for the dependents
- Accommodation details
Processing times for dependent visas can vary, so it's important to apply well in advance of the intended travel date.
Visa Compliance Obligations for Employers and Employees
Both employers and employees have specific obligations to ensure compliance with Lithuanian immigration laws.
Employer Obligations:
- Ensure that all foreign workers have the necessary work permits and visas.
- Comply with labor laws and regulations, including those related to wages, working conditions, and termination of employment.
- Report any changes in the employee's employment status to the relevant authorities.
- Cooperate with inspections by the Lithuanian authorities.
Employee Obligations:
- Comply with the terms and conditions of their work permit and visa.
- Notify the authorities of any changes in their personal circumstances, such as a change of address.
- Adhere to Lithuanian laws and regulations.
- Ensure that their visa and work permit remain valid throughout their employment.
Failure to comply with Lithuanian immigration laws can result in penalties, including fines, deportation, and bans on future entry to Lithuania. Therefore, it is essential for both employers and employees to understand their obligations and to seek legal advice if necessary.
