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Oman

649 EUR per employee per month

Discover everything you need to know about Oman

Hire in Oman at a glance

Here ares some key facts regarding hiring in Oman

Capital
Muscat
Currency
Omani Rial
Language
Arabic
Population
5,106,626
GDP growth
-0.27%
GDP world share
0.09%
Payroll frequency
Monthly
Working hours
45 hours/week

Overview in Oman

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Oman, located on the southeastern edge of the Arabian Peninsula, is bordered by the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Oman, UAE, Saudi Arabia, and Yemen. It features a diverse landscape including coastal plains, mountain ranges, and the Rub' al-Khali desert, the largest contiguous sand desert in the world. Oman has a rich history as a maritime power with ancient trade links and was once occupied by the Portuguese before regaining independence in the 17th century. Under Sultan Qaboos bin Said's leadership from 1970, Oman transformed into a modern state focusing on infrastructure, economic diversification, and social reform.

The country is an absolute monarchy, currently ruled by Sultan Haitham bin Tariq Al Said, and is known for its political stability and role as a mediator in regional conflicts. The majority of its population is Arab, with significant South Asian and African minorities. Islam, particularly the Ibadi sect, is the dominant religion. Oman's economy is heavily reliant on oil and gas, although efforts are being made to diversify into sectors like tourism, logistics, and manufacturing. The government has implemented "Omanization" policies to reduce dependency on foreign labor and increase employment among Omani nationals, particularly in the public sector.

Oman places a high value on family and work-life balance, with work schedules often accommodating personal and religious commitments. Communication tends to be indirect and respectful, with a preference for building personal relationships and consensus. Organizational hierarchies are pronounced, with a significant reliance on personal networks and connections for professional advancement.

The economy is still largely driven by the oil and gas sector, but there is a growing focus on other areas such as tourism, logistics, fisheries, and aquaculture for job creation and economic growth. Other important sectors include manufacturing, construction, retail, financial services, education, and healthcare, all contributing to a diversifying economic landscape.

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Employer of Record in Oman

Rivermate is a global Employer of Record company that helps you hire employees in Oman without the need to set up a legal entity. We act as the Employer of Record for your employees in Oman, taking care of all the legal and compliance aspects of employment, so you can focus on growing your business.

How does it work?

When you hire employees in Oman through Rivermate, we become the legal employer of your staff. This means that we take on all the responsibilities of an employer, while you retain the day-to-day management of your employees.

You as the company maintain the direct relationship with the employee, you allocate them the work and manage their performance. Rivermate takes care of the local payrolling of the employee, the contracts, HR, benefits, and compliance.

Responsibilities of an Employer of Record

As an Employer of Record in Oman, Rivermate is responsible for:

  • Creating and managing the employment contracts
  • Running the monthly payroll
  • Providing local and global benefits
  • Ensuring 100% local compliance
  • Providing local HR support

Responsibilities of the company that hires the employee

As the company that hires the employee through the Employer of Record, you are responsible for:

  • Day-to-day management of the employee
  • Work assignments
  • Performance management
  • Training and development

Taxes in Oman

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In Oman, employers have specific tax responsibilities and obligations. They must contribute 10.5% of Omani employees' gross salaries to the Public Authority for Social Insurance (PASI) for social security, while expatriates are exempt. Both Omani and expatriate employees are covered under the Occupational Injuries and Diseases Insurance and the Job Security Fund, requiring employers to contribute 1% of the gross salary to each.

Corporate Income Tax (CIT) is levied at a standard rate of 15% on Omani and foreign companies with a permanent establishment in the country, with a possible reduced rate of 3% under certain conditions. There is no Personal Income Tax (PIT) in Oman.

For VAT, the standard rate is 5%, with certain services being zero-rated or exempt. Businesses exceeding the VAT registration threshold must register and file returns quarterly.

Oman also offers various tax incentives to attract foreign investment, including exemptions from CIT for up to 10 years, import duty exemptions, and reduced Omanization requirements, which mandate employing a certain percentage of Omani nationals. These incentives vary by sector and location, aiming to stimulate economic growth.

Leave in Oman

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In Oman, the Oman Labor Law (Royal Decree No 35/2003 and its amendments) regulates vacation leave entitlements. Employees with at least six months of continuous service are entitled to 30 calendar days of paid annual leave per year. Leave accrues pro-rata and cannot be waived, with a requirement to take a minimum of two weeks consecutively every two years. Leave calculation is based on the employee's gross salary, including basic salary and allowances. Unused leave can be carried forward or paid out upon mutual agreement or upon termination of employment.

Special circumstances allow for payment for unused leave upon job termination, and official holidays or religious occasions during leave do not count against the leave days. Oman observes various Islamic holidays based on the lunar calendar, including Al Isra'a Wal Miraj, Eid Al-Fitr, Eid Al-Adha, Islamic New Year, and Milad Al-Nabi. National holidays include Accession Day, Renaissance Day, and National Day.

Additional leave types include sick leave, maternity leave, Hajj leave, compassionate leave, paternity leave, study leave, and unpaid leave, each with specific entitlements and conditions. These provisions ensure a comprehensive leave system for employees in Oman, supplemented by specific collective agreements or company policies that may offer more generous terms.

Benefits in Oman

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Oman's labor law provides a robust framework of benefits for private sector employees, ensuring fair compensation, adequate time off, and job security. Key mandatory benefits include:

  • Paid Leave: Employees are entitled to 30 days of paid annual leave, 10 days of paid sick leave, and 50 days of paid maternity leave. There are also several public holidays observed each year.
  • Severance Pay: Upon employment termination, employees receive severance based on their years of service, calculated at 15 days of basic pay per year for the first three years and 30 days per year thereafter.
  • Overtime Pay: Employees working beyond standard hours are compensated at a higher rate, especially during weekends and public holidays.
  • Notice Period: Both employers and employees must adhere to a notice period when terminating employment, the duration of which varies by salary and position.

Additionally, many employers offer optional benefits to attract and retain talent, including:

  • Financial Benefits: Profit sharing, performance-based bonuses, and various allowances.
  • Health and Wellness: Private health insurance plans that extend beyond the mandatory Dhamani coverage, and wellness programs.
  • Work-Life Balance: Flexible working arrangements, additional paid time off, and childcare support.

The Dhamani scheme, introduced in 2019, mandates basic health insurance coverage for all private-sector employees and their dependents, with employers responsible for the premium payments.

Regarding retirement, Oman provides a social security scheme for Omani nationals, which includes pensions for old age, disability, and death. Significant reforms in 2023 include raising the retirement age and modifying the pension calculation formula. Private pension plans are less common but are sometimes offered by multinational corporations. Many employees also rely on personal savings and investments for retirement.

Workers Rights in Oman

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In Oman, employment termination and workplace regulations are governed by comprehensive labor laws designed to protect employee rights and ensure fair practices. The Omani Labour Law specifies lawful grounds for dismissal, including employee misconduct, performance issues, economic reasons, and Omanization requirements. Notice periods vary based on the contract type, with specific provisions for indefinite and fixed-term contracts.

Employees are entitled to severance pay after one year of service, calculated based on their length of service and basic salary, although this can be forfeited in cases of gross misconduct. Discrimination in employment based on gender, nationality, social origin, and religion is prohibited, with mechanisms in place for redress through the Ministry of Manpower or the courts.

Employers are responsible for creating an inclusive, non-discriminatory work environment and ensuring health and safety standards are met. This includes risk assessments, providing a safe work environment, and mandatory training for employees. The standard workweek is capped at 48 hours, with provisions for overtime pay and reduced hours during Ramadan.

The Ministry of Manpower enforces these regulations through workplace inspections and can impose sanctions for non-compliance. Overall, Oman's labor laws emphasize both employee rights and employer responsibilities, aiming for a balanced and safe work environment.

Agreements in Oman

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Oman's labor market offers various types of employment agreements, each tailored to specific work arrangements and governed by the Labour Law (Royal Decree 35/2003) and other relevant legislation. Here are the primary types of contracts:

  • Permanent Employment Contracts: Used for indefinite employment periods for both Omanis and non-Omanis, terminable by mutual agreement or with proper notice.
  • Fixed-Term Employment Contracts: These specify a predetermined end date, with a maximum duration of five years. If the relationship continues without a new contract, it automatically becomes permanent.
  • Part-Time Work Contracts: Define fewer working hours than full-time, with benefits prorated accordingly.
  • Temporary Work Contract (Sahem): For short-term, project-based work, not exceeding one year and non-renewable.
  • Appointment Decision: A non-contractual agreement that legally establishes employment for Omanis in permanent positions.

Mandatory clauses in these contracts include identification of parties, job description, start date, employment type, working hours, wages, annual leave, and notice periods. Recommended clauses for added clarity and protection include probationary periods, confidentiality expectations, termination grounds, dispute resolution mechanisms, and specifying Omani Labour Law as the governing law.

Additional considerations include ensuring contracts are in Arabic (with possible translations), and understanding the nuances of probation periods, which are negotiable in duration and not mandatory. Confidentiality and non-compete clauses are also significant, with the latter being strictly regulated to protect employees' rights to work post-termination.

Remote Work in Oman

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The Omani legal framework for remote work, evolving under the new Oman Labour Law of 2020, allows companies to design their own remote work policies within the broader labor law principles. Employers have the discretion to determine employee eligibility for remote work and must outline the terms of remote work in the employment contract, including compensation, working hours, and communication protocols.

A robust technological infrastructure is crucial, involving secure communication tools, cybersecurity measures, and remote access solutions. Employers are responsible for developing comprehensive remote work policies, managing performance, providing necessary equipment and resources, and ensuring employee well-being and ergonomic workspaces.

While regulations specific to remote work are still under development, the law supports flexible work arrangements like part-time work, flexitime, and job sharing, though details may vary based on individual contracts and company policies. Employers must also adhere to the Oman Data Protection Law (2013) and the Oman Labour Law (2020), ensuring data security, obtaining consent for data use, and providing rights to employees regarding their personal data.

As regulations continue to evolve, staying updated through legal counsel or the Ministry of Labour is recommended, especially concerning data protection and privacy in remote work settings.

Working Hours in Oman

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  • Standard Working Hours: In Oman, employees are typically not required to work more than eight hours per day or 40 hours per week.
  • Ramadan Hours: For Muslim employees during Ramadan, working hours are reduced to six hours per day, totaling 30 hours per week.
  • Overtime Compensation:
    • Regular Daytime Overtime: Employees earn an additional 25% of their base salary for hours worked beyond the standard eight hours.
    • Night Shift Overtime: Hours worked between 9 PM and 4 AM earn an additional 50% of the base salary.
    • Rest Day Overtime: If employees work on a rest day, they are entitled to either double the base salary for that day or a compensatory day off within the next week.
  • Breaks:
    • Daily: Employees working more than six continuous hours must receive at least a 30-minute break, which can be split into shorter intervals.
    • Weekly: Employees are entitled to two consecutive rest days after five continuous working days, with the possibility of accumulating up to eight weeks of rest days by agreement.
  • Night and Weekend Work:
    • Night work (6:00 PM to 6:00 AM) requires a 50% salary premium.
    • Working on weekends entitles employees to double their regular salary for those days or a compensatory day off the following week.

These regulations serve as the minimum standards under Oman's labor law, with the possibility for more favorable terms based on individual employment contracts or company policies. For specific legal advice or more detailed information, consulting the official Oman Labor Law or a legal expert is recommended.

Salary in Oman

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Understanding competitive salaries in Oman is essential for both employers and employees to ensure fair compensation and attract top talent. Factors influencing competitive salaries include job title, industry, experience, qualifications, education level, location, and company size. Research methods such as salary surveys, job boards, and government resources help gather data on salary trends.

Oman has specific minimum wage guidelines for Omani nationals in the private sector, with a base salary of OMR 225 and an additional OMR 100 for allowances, totaling OMR 325 per month. There is no mandated minimum wage for expatriate workers.

Employee benefits in Oman may include end-of-service gratuity, performance-based bonuses, and various allowances such as housing, transportation, relocation, and travel during annual leave. Payroll practices are regulated under the Oman Labour Law, with salaries typically paid monthly and adherence to the Wages Protection System for timely payments.

Overall, understanding these aspects helps in maintaining competitive and compliant compensation practices in Oman.

Termination in Oman

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In Oman, the Labour Law mandates specific notice periods for terminating employment contracts, which vary based on the employee's salary structure and any additional contractual agreements. Employees on a monthly salary require a 30-day notice, while those on other pay structures need a 15-day notice, unless a longer period is agreed upon in the contract. During the probationary period, which can last up to three months, either party can terminate the contract with seven days' written notice.

Severance pay calculations differ for expatriate and Omani employees, with expatriates receiving a full month's salary for each year of service, and Omani employees receiving 15 days' salary for each of the first three years and 30 days for each subsequent year. The introduction of the Social Protection Law introduces an end-of-service savings scheme, which will change how severance pay is calculated, though the effective date is not yet announced.

Terminations can occur with or without notice. With notice applies to both fixed-term and indefinite contracts unless there is a breach or gross misconduct. Without notice is reserved for cases of gross misconduct as defined by the law. Employers must provide written notice stating the termination reason and date, and are responsible for repatriating expatriate employees.

Economic reasons can also justify terminations, but require a three-month prior notice to the Ministry of Labour and approval from a ministry-formed committee. Disputes over termination can be addressed through the Ministry of Manpower's conciliation department, with unresolved cases potentially going to court.

Freelancing in Oman

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In Oman, the distinction between employees and independent contractors is defined by factors such as control, integration, benefits, and the nature of contractual relationships. Employees are subject to employer control, integrated into the core operations, and receive benefits like annual leave and social security contributions from employers. Independent contractors, however, maintain autonomy, provide their own tools, and handle their own social security contributions. They engage with businesses through service contracts that outline the scope of work and payment terms.

Independent contracting is growing in Oman, with common sectors including IT, creative industries, and consulting. Contracts for independent contractors should clearly define work scope, payment, confidentiality, and termination clauses. Negotiation strategies such as understanding market rates and focusing on value are crucial.

Intellectual property rights in Oman default to the creator unless a contract specifies otherwise. For freelancers, it's important to ensure contracts clearly transfer IP rights if that is the intent. Tax obligations for freelancers involve self-assessing and paying taxes if income exceeds certain thresholds, with the need for proper registration and record-keeping.

Insurance options for freelancers include health, professional indemnity, and general liability insurance, providing protection against various risks associated with freelance work.

Health & Safety in Oman

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In Oman, workplace health and safety regulations are primarily governed by The Labour Law (Sultanate Decree Number 35/2003) and further detailed in Ministerial Decision No. 286/2008. Employers are responsible for conducting risk assessments, ensuring proper workplace conditions like lighting and ventilation, providing personal protective equipment (PPE), and offering training on safety practices. They must also keep records of work-related injuries and illnesses, provide necessary medical treatment, and report incidents to the Ministry of Manpower.

Employees are expected to adhere to safety procedures, use PPE, report unsafe conditions, and participate in safety training. Establishments with 50 or more workers must form a Health and Safety Committee to monitor and improve workplace conditions.

The Ministry of Manpower enforces these regulations through inspections, and can issue warnings, fines, or halt operations if violations are found. Employers must also conduct regular workplace inspections to identify and mitigate hazards, and they are required to maintain records of training, incidents, and medical examinations.

Workplace accidents must be reported to the Ministry of Manpower and the Royal Oman Police, with the severity of the injury dictating the urgency of the report. Investigations into accidents aim to prevent future incidents by identifying root causes. Workers injured on the job are entitled to compensation, which covers medical costs, wage replacement, and benefits for permanent disability or death, with employers required to initiate the claim process with their insurance providers.

Dispute Resolution in Oman

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Oman's legal system includes labor courts and arbitration panels to resolve labor disputes, ensuring protection under Omani labor law. Labor courts, part of the judicial system, handle cases like unfair dismissal and discrimination, with a process that includes claim submission, conciliation, hearing, judgment, and potential appeal. Arbitration panels offer a less formal alternative, where disputes are resolved by arbitrators with binding decisions.

The country also conducts various compliance audits and inspections through authorities like the Ministry of Manpower and the Ministry of Environment, focusing on adherence to labor laws, environmental regulations, and other standards. These audits are crucial for legal compliance, risk mitigation, and maintaining operational efficiency.

Whistleblower protections in Oman are limited, though some legal provisions exist. The State Audit Institution Law, for example, protects the confidentiality of whistleblowers. Practical considerations for whistleblowers include gathering evidence and possibly reporting anonymously.

Oman has ratified several International Labour Organization (ILO) conventions, influencing its labor laws to prohibit forced labor, child labor, and discrimination, and to support workers' rights to unionize and bargain collectively. However, challenges remain, particularly in enforcing these standards for migrant workers and those in the informal sector.

Cultural Considerations in Oman

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  • Communication Styles: In Oman, indirect communication is preferred to maintain harmony and respect for hierarchy. Direct criticism is avoided to prevent confrontational situations. Subtle cues and non-verbal communication are essential for deeper understanding.

  • Formality in the Workplace: Omani workplaces emphasize formality, especially when interacting with superiors. Using titles and last names is common, and business attire is expected. Building relationships through elaborate greetings and social conversations before business discussions is crucial.

  • Non-Verbal Communication: Non-verbal cues are significant in Omani communication. Eye contact should be maintained to show attentiveness but not excessively to avoid disrespect. Personal space is valued, and gestures should be subtle.

  • Negotiation Practices: Omanis value building trust and long-term partnerships in negotiations, preferring an integrative approach. Patience is crucial, and building personal relationships is key to a flexible negotiation environment. Public criticism is avoided to maintain an individual's reputation.

  • Hierarchical Structures: Omani businesses typically have centralized decision-making with clear authority lines. This can slow down decision-making processes as approvals are needed from superiors. Leadership styles are often paternalistic but are evolving towards more transformational approaches as global trends influence younger generations.

  • Statutory Holidays and Work Schedules: Oman follows the Islamic Hijri calendar, and public and private businesses close for major Islamic holidays and the National Day. Planning meetings and deadlines around these holidays is essential to avoid disruptions in business operations.

Frequently Asked Questions for Employer of Record services in Oman

Who handles the filing and payment of employees' taxes and social insurance contributions when using an Employer of Record in Oman?

When using an Employer of Record (EOR) in Oman, the EOR handles the filing and payment of employees' taxes and social insurance contributions. This includes ensuring compliance with Omani labor laws and regulations, which can be complex and subject to change. The EOR takes on the responsibility of calculating the appropriate amounts for income tax, if applicable, and social insurance contributions, and then remits these payments to the relevant Omani government authorities on behalf of the employer and employees. This service simplifies the administrative burden for companies, allowing them to focus on their core business activities while ensuring full compliance with local tax and social insurance requirements.

Is it possible to hire independent contractors in Oman?

Yes, it is possible to hire independent contractors in Oman. However, there are several important considerations to keep in mind due to the specific legal and regulatory framework in the country.

  1. Legal Framework: Independent contractors in Oman are governed by the Omani Civil Transactions Law rather than the Omani Labor Law, which applies to employees. This distinction is crucial because it affects the rights, obligations, and protections available to contractors versus employees.

  2. Contractual Agreement: When hiring an independent contractor, it is essential to have a well-drafted contract that clearly outlines the scope of work, payment terms, duration, and other relevant conditions. This contract should explicitly state that the individual is an independent contractor to avoid any misclassification issues.

  3. Taxation: Independent contractors are responsible for their own tax obligations. Unlike employees, contractors do not have income tax withheld by the hiring company. However, Oman does not currently impose personal income tax on individuals, which simplifies the tax situation for contractors.

  4. Social Security and Benefits: Independent contractors are not entitled to the same benefits as employees, such as social security, health insurance, and end-of-service gratuity. Contractors must manage their own benefits and insurance coverage.

  5. Work Permits and Visas: For foreign independent contractors, obtaining the appropriate work permits and visas is necessary. This process can be complex and may require sponsorship by a local entity or company.

  6. Compliance and Risk Management: Misclassifying an employee as an independent contractor can lead to legal and financial repercussions. It is crucial to ensure that the working relationship meets the criteria for independent contracting under Omani law.

Using an Employer of Record (EOR) service like Rivermate can simplify the process of hiring independent contractors in Oman. An EOR can help with:

  • Compliance: Ensuring that all legal and regulatory requirements are met, reducing the risk of misclassification.
  • Contract Management: Drafting and managing contracts to clearly define the relationship and terms of engagement.
  • Work Permits and Visas: Assisting with the necessary permits and visas for foreign contractors.
  • Payroll and Payments: Handling payments to contractors, ensuring timely and accurate compensation.

By leveraging an EOR service, companies can mitigate risks and focus on their core business activities while ensuring compliance with local laws and regulations.

What options are available for hiring a worker in Oman?

In Oman, employers have several options for hiring workers, each with its own set of regulations and requirements. Here are the primary methods:

  1. Direct Employment:

    • Local Recruitment: Employers can hire Omani nationals directly. This involves advertising the job, interviewing candidates, and following the local labor laws for employment contracts, wages, and benefits.
    • Expatriate Recruitment: Hiring foreign workers requires obtaining a labor clearance from the Ministry of Manpower, followed by securing a work visa and residence permit for the employee. The employer must demonstrate that the position cannot be filled by a local worker.
  2. Temporary Staffing Agencies:

    • Employers can engage temporary staffing agencies to hire workers for short-term projects or seasonal work. These agencies handle the recruitment, payroll, and compliance with local labor laws, providing flexibility for the employer.
  3. Outsourcing:

    • Companies can outsource specific functions or projects to third-party service providers. This can include IT services, customer support, or manufacturing processes. The outsourcing company manages the workforce, while the employer focuses on core business activities.
  4. Freelancers and Independent Contractors:

    • Hiring freelancers or independent contractors is an option for project-based work or specialized tasks. However, it is crucial to ensure that the nature of the work and the relationship complies with Omani labor laws to avoid misclassification issues.
  5. Employer of Record (EOR) Services:

    • An Employer of Record (EOR) like Rivermate can simplify the hiring process in Oman. The EOR acts as the legal employer on behalf of the company, handling all employment-related responsibilities, including payroll, tax compliance, benefits administration, and adherence to local labor laws. This allows the company to focus on its core operations while ensuring full compliance with Omani regulations.

Benefits of Using an Employer of Record in Oman:

  • Compliance: An EOR ensures that all employment practices comply with Omani labor laws, reducing the risk of legal issues and penalties.
  • Cost-Effective: Using an EOR can be more cost-effective than setting up a local entity, especially for companies looking to hire a small number of employees or test the market.
  • Speed and Efficiency: An EOR can expedite the hiring process, allowing companies to onboard employees quickly without navigating the complex regulatory environment.
  • Focus on Core Business: By outsourcing HR and administrative tasks to an EOR, companies can concentrate on their core business activities and strategic goals.
  • Local Expertise: EORs have in-depth knowledge of the local labor market and regulations, providing valuable insights and support to ensure smooth operations.

In summary, while there are multiple options for hiring workers in Oman, using an Employer of Record like Rivermate offers significant advantages in terms of compliance, cost savings, efficiency, and local expertise.

What is the timeline for setting up a company in Oman?

Setting up a company in Oman involves several steps and can take a considerable amount of time, depending on the complexity of the business structure and the efficiency of the processes. Here is a general timeline for setting up a company in Oman:

  1. Initial Planning and Documentation (1-2 weeks):

    • Business Plan: Develop a comprehensive business plan outlining the nature of the business, market analysis, financial projections, and operational strategies.
    • Legal Structure: Decide on the legal structure of the company (e.g., Limited Liability Company, Joint Stock Company, Branch Office, etc.).
    • Name Reservation: Reserve a unique company name with the Ministry of Commerce and Industry (MOCI).
  2. Obtaining Approvals and Licenses (2-4 weeks):

    • Initial Approval: Submit the business plan and other required documents to the MOCI for initial approval.
    • Special Approvals: Depending on the business activity, obtain special approvals from relevant authorities (e.g., Municipality, Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Health, etc.).
  3. Drafting and Notarizing Documents (1-2 weeks):

    • Memorandum of Association (MOA): Draft the MOA and Articles of Association (AOA) and have them notarized.
    • Shareholder Agreements: Prepare and notarize shareholder agreements if applicable.
  4. Capital Deposit and Bank Account (1-2 weeks):

    • Capital Deposit: Deposit the required minimum capital in a local bank account.
    • Bank Account: Open a corporate bank account in Oman.
  5. Commercial Registration (1-2 weeks):

    • Submit Documents: Submit all notarized documents, bank deposit certificate, and other required paperwork to the MOCI for commercial registration.
    • Commercial Registration Certificate: Obtain the Commercial Registration Certificate from the MOCI.
  6. Municipality License (1-2 weeks):

    • Application: Apply for a Municipality License from the local municipality where the business will operate.
    • Inspection: The municipality may conduct an inspection of the business premises.
    • Issuance: Obtain the Municipality License.
  7. Chamber of Commerce Registration (1 week):

    • Membership: Register the company with the Oman Chamber of Commerce and Industry (OCCI) and obtain a membership certificate.
  8. Tax Registration (1-2 weeks):

    • Tax Identification Number (TIN): Register for a Tax Identification Number with the Tax Authority.
    • VAT Registration: If applicable, register for Value Added Tax (VAT).
  9. Labor Clearance and Employee Visas (2-4 weeks):

    • Labor Clearance: Obtain labor clearance from the Ministry of Manpower.
    • Employee Visas: Apply for and obtain work visas for foreign employees.

Overall, the entire process of setting up a company in Oman can take approximately 2 to 3 months, assuming there are no significant delays or complications. However, this timeline can vary based on the specific requirements of the business and the responsiveness of the relevant authorities. Using an Employer of Record (EOR) service like Rivermate can significantly streamline this process, as they handle many of the administrative and compliance-related tasks, allowing you to focus on your core business activities.

What is HR compliance in Oman, and why is it important?

HR compliance in Oman refers to the adherence to the labor laws, regulations, and standards set by the Omani government to govern employment practices within the country. This includes compliance with the Oman Labour Law, which covers various aspects such as employment contracts, working hours, wages, leave entitlements, termination procedures, and occupational health and safety standards.

Key components of HR compliance in Oman include:

  1. Employment Contracts: Employers must provide written employment contracts that clearly outline the terms and conditions of employment, including job responsibilities, salary, working hours, and benefits.

  2. Working Hours and Overtime: The standard working hours in Oman are typically 45 hours per week, with a maximum of 9 hours per day. Employers must comply with regulations regarding overtime pay and ensure that employees are compensated appropriately for any additional hours worked.

  3. Wages and Benefits: Employers must adhere to the minimum wage requirements and ensure timely payment of salaries. Additionally, they must provide statutory benefits such as end-of-service gratuity, annual leave, sick leave, and maternity leave.

  4. Health and Safety: Employers are responsible for providing a safe working environment and must comply with occupational health and safety regulations to prevent workplace accidents and injuries.

  5. Termination and Redundancy: The Oman Labour Law outlines specific procedures for terminating employment, including notice periods, severance pay, and the handling of redundancies. Employers must follow these procedures to avoid legal disputes.

  6. Omanization: This is a key compliance requirement in Oman, which mandates that a certain percentage of the workforce must be Omani nationals. Employers must ensure they meet these quotas to avoid penalties.

Importance of HR Compliance in Oman:

  1. Legal Protection: Compliance with labor laws protects employers from legal disputes and potential penalties. Non-compliance can result in fines, legal action, and damage to the company's reputation.

  2. Employee Satisfaction and Retention: Adhering to HR compliance ensures fair treatment of employees, which can lead to higher job satisfaction, improved morale, and better retention rates.

  3. Operational Efficiency: By following standardized procedures and regulations, companies can streamline their HR processes, leading to more efficient and effective management of their workforce.

  4. Reputation and Employer Branding: Companies that comply with labor laws and treat their employees fairly are more likely to be viewed positively by potential employees, customers, and business partners, enhancing their reputation and employer brand.

  5. Risk Management: HR compliance helps in identifying and mitigating risks associated with employment practices, such as workplace discrimination, harassment, and safety violations.

Using an Employer of Record (EOR) like Rivermate can significantly ease the burden of HR compliance in Oman. An EOR takes on the responsibility of ensuring that all employment practices adhere to local laws and regulations, allowing companies to focus on their core business activities. Rivermate, for instance, would handle employment contracts, payroll, benefits administration, and compliance with Omanization requirements, ensuring that the company remains compliant with all relevant laws and regulations. This not only reduces the risk of legal issues but also ensures a smooth and efficient HR operation.

What are the costs associated with employing someone in Oman?

Employing someone in Oman involves several costs that employers need to consider. These costs can be broadly categorized into direct and indirect expenses. Here’s a detailed breakdown:

Direct Costs:

  1. Salaries and Wages:

    • The primary cost is the employee's salary, which varies based on the industry, role, and experience level. Oman has a minimum wage policy for Omani nationals, which is currently set at OMR 325 per month.
  2. Social Security Contributions:

    • Employers are required to contribute to the Public Authority for Social Insurance (PASI) for Omani employees. The contribution rate is 11.5% of the employee's gross salary.
  3. End-of-Service Gratuity:

    • For expatriate employees, employers must provide an end-of-service gratuity. This is calculated based on the employee's length of service and final salary. Typically, it is 15 days' wages for each of the first three years of service and one month's wages for each subsequent year.
  4. Health Insurance:

    • Employers must provide health insurance for their employees. The cost of health insurance can vary depending on the coverage and the insurance provider.
  5. Work Permits and Visas:

    • For expatriate employees, employers must bear the costs of obtaining and renewing work permits and visas. This includes the initial visa application, medical tests, and any associated administrative fees.

Indirect Costs:

  1. Recruitment and Onboarding:

    • Costs associated with recruiting and onboarding new employees, including advertising, recruitment agency fees, and training.
  2. Training and Development:

    • Ongoing training and professional development to ensure employees remain skilled and compliant with industry standards.
  3. Compliance and Legal:

    • Ensuring compliance with local labor laws and regulations may require legal consultation and administrative efforts.
  4. Employee Benefits:

    • Additional benefits such as housing allowances, transportation allowances, and other perks that are often part of the employment package in Oman.

Using an Employer of Record (EOR) like Rivermate:

An Employer of Record (EOR) can help manage these costs more efficiently. Here’s how:

  1. Cost Management:

    • An EOR can provide a clear breakdown of all employment-related costs, helping businesses budget more effectively.
  2. Compliance:

    • EORs ensure that all employment practices comply with local laws, reducing the risk of fines and legal issues.
  3. Administrative Efficiency:

    • By handling payroll, benefits administration, and other HR tasks, an EOR reduces the administrative burden on the company.
  4. Scalability:

    • EORs offer flexibility to scale the workforce up or down without the complexities of direct employment, which can be particularly beneficial for project-based work or market entry.
  5. Focus on Core Business:

    • By outsourcing employment responsibilities to an EOR, companies can focus on their core business activities, driving growth and innovation.

In summary, while employing someone in Oman involves various costs, using an Employer of Record like Rivermate can streamline these processes, ensure compliance, and ultimately save time and resources for the employer.

How does Rivermate, as an Employer of Record in Oman, ensure HR compliance?

Rivermate, as an Employer of Record (EOR) in Oman, ensures HR compliance through a comprehensive understanding and application of local labor laws and regulations. Here are several ways Rivermate achieves this:

  1. Local Expertise: Rivermate employs local HR professionals who are well-versed in Omani labor laws, including the Oman Labour Law issued by Royal Decree No. 35/2003 and its subsequent amendments. This ensures that all employment practices are in line with the latest legal requirements.

  2. Employment Contracts: Rivermate prepares and manages employment contracts that comply with Omani legal standards. These contracts include all necessary clauses related to wages, working hours, leave entitlements, termination conditions, and other statutory requirements.

  3. Payroll Management: Rivermate handles payroll processing in accordance with Omani regulations, ensuring accurate calculation of salaries, overtime, bonuses, and deductions. They also ensure timely payment of wages and compliance with the Wage Protection System (WPS) mandated by the Ministry of Manpower.

  4. Tax Compliance: Although Oman does not impose personal income tax, Rivermate ensures compliance with other relevant taxes and social security contributions, such as the Public Authority for Social Insurance (PASI) contributions for Omani employees.

  5. Work Permits and Visas: Rivermate manages the process of obtaining work permits and visas for expatriate employees, ensuring compliance with the regulations set by the Royal Oman Police and the Ministry of Manpower. This includes adhering to Omanization policies, which mandate a certain percentage of Omani nationals in the workforce.

  6. Employee Benefits: Rivermate ensures that all statutory benefits, such as end-of-service gratuity, annual leave, sick leave, and maternity leave, are provided in accordance with Omani labor laws. They also assist in setting up additional benefits that may be customary or required by law.

  7. Health and Safety Compliance: Rivermate ensures that workplace health and safety standards are met, in line with Omani regulations. This includes implementing necessary safety measures and conducting regular training and audits.

  8. Dispute Resolution: In the event of employment disputes, Rivermate provides support in resolving issues in compliance with Omani labor laws. They ensure that any disciplinary actions or terminations are handled legally and fairly.

  9. Continuous Monitoring and Updates: Rivermate continuously monitors changes in Omani labor laws and regulations to ensure ongoing compliance. They update their practices and inform their clients of any significant legal changes that may impact their operations.

By leveraging Rivermate's expertise as an Employer of Record in Oman, companies can mitigate the risks associated with non-compliance and focus on their core business activities, knowing that their HR operations are being managed in accordance with local laws and regulations.

Do employees receive all their rights and benefits when employed through an Employer of Record in Oman?

Yes, employees in Oman receive all their rights and benefits when employed through an Employer of Record (EOR) like Rivermate. An EOR ensures compliance with local labor laws and regulations, which is crucial in a country like Oman where employment laws are stringent and specific.

Here are some key aspects of how an EOR ensures employees receive their rights and benefits in Oman:

  1. Compliance with Labor Laws: An EOR like Rivermate ensures that all employment contracts comply with Omani labor laws. This includes adhering to regulations regarding working hours, overtime, leave entitlements, and termination procedures.

  2. Salary and Wages: The EOR ensures that employees are paid in accordance with Omani wage laws. This includes timely payment of salaries, adherence to minimum wage requirements, and proper calculation of overtime pay.

  3. Social Security and Benefits: In Oman, employers are required to contribute to social security schemes for their employees. An EOR manages these contributions, ensuring that employees receive benefits such as pensions, medical insurance, and other statutory benefits.

  4. Health and Safety: An EOR ensures that the workplace complies with Omani health and safety regulations, providing a safe working environment for employees.

  5. Leave Entitlements: Employees are entitled to various types of leave, including annual leave, sick leave, and maternity/paternity leave. An EOR ensures that these entitlements are granted in accordance with Omani labor laws.

  6. End-of-Service Benefits: In Oman, employees are entitled to end-of-service gratuity payments upon termination of employment. An EOR calculates and disburses these payments as per the legal requirements.

  7. Dispute Resolution: An EOR provides support in resolving any employment disputes that may arise, ensuring that the rights of the employee are protected throughout the process.

By using an EOR like Rivermate, companies can ensure that their employees in Oman receive all the rights and benefits they are entitled to under local laws, while also mitigating the risk of non-compliance and associated penalties.

What legal responsibilities does a company have when using an Employer of Record service like Rivermate in Oman?

When a company uses an Employer of Record (EOR) service like Rivermate in Oman, the EOR assumes many of the legal responsibilities associated with employment. However, the company still retains certain obligations and should be aware of the following legal responsibilities:

  1. Compliance with Local Labor Laws: The EOR ensures that all employment practices comply with Omani labor laws, including contracts, working hours, minimum wage, and termination procedures. The company must ensure that the EOR is fully compliant with these regulations.

  2. Employment Contracts: The EOR will draft and manage employment contracts in accordance with Omani labor laws. These contracts must include terms related to salary, benefits, working hours, and other employment conditions. The company should review these contracts to ensure they align with their expectations and requirements.

  3. Work Permits and Visas: For expatriate employees, the EOR handles the process of obtaining necessary work permits and visas. The company must provide the EOR with all required documentation and support to facilitate this process.

  4. Payroll and Tax Compliance: The EOR is responsible for managing payroll, including the calculation and payment of salaries, taxes, and social security contributions. The company must ensure that the EOR is accurately processing these payments and complying with Omani tax regulations.

  5. Employee Benefits: The EOR administers employee benefits such as health insurance, pensions, and other statutory benefits required under Omani law. The company should verify that the benefits provided meet their standards and the legal requirements.

  6. Health and Safety Regulations: The EOR ensures that the workplace complies with Omani health and safety regulations. The company must cooperate with the EOR to maintain a safe working environment and report any incidents or hazards.

  7. Dispute Resolution: In the event of employment disputes, the EOR will handle the resolution process in accordance with Omani labor laws. The company should support the EOR by providing necessary information and cooperating in the resolution process.

  8. Termination Procedures: The EOR manages the termination of employees, ensuring that it is done in compliance with Omani labor laws, including notice periods and severance payments. The company must communicate clearly with the EOR regarding any decisions to terminate employment.

  9. Data Protection and Privacy: The EOR must comply with Omani data protection laws when handling employee information. The company should ensure that the EOR has appropriate measures in place to protect employee data.

  10. Regular Reporting: The EOR provides regular reports on employment matters, including payroll, taxes, and compliance issues. The company should review these reports to ensure accuracy and compliance with Omani regulations.

By using an EOR like Rivermate in Oman, a company can significantly reduce its administrative burden and ensure compliance with local labor laws. However, it is essential for the company to maintain oversight and collaborate closely with the EOR to ensure all legal responsibilities are met.

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